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Dr Babu Kunadian · Consultant Cardiologist

Heart Valve Disease

Heart valve disease is where one or more of the valves in your heart does not work as it should. Not everyone needs treatment — but getting the right assessment and monitoring matters.

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Signs of heart valve disease

Healthy valveOpens and closes fullyNarrowed (stenosis)Does not open fullyLeaking (regurgitation)Does not close fully — blood flows back
The two main valve problems described by the NHS: a narrowed valve does not open fully; a leaking valve does not close fully. Simplified illustration.

Narrowed and leaking valves

The NHS describes two main problems: a narrowed valve (stenosis) does not open fully, and a leaking valve (regurgitation) does not close fully, so blood can flow back. Valve disease most often affects the aortic and mitral valves.

Dr Kunadian assesses aortic and mitral valve disease.

What to expect

Tests can include an echocardiogram (an ultrasound scan of the heart) and an ECG. If valve disease is mild and causes no symptoms, treatment is often not needed — instead you will usually have regular check-ups to see if it is getting worse. If treatment is needed, it may include medicines or a procedure to repair or replace the valve.

Tests Dr Kunadian may recommend

EchocardiogramTransthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE)Electrocardiogram (ECG)Stress Echocardiography

All major private medical insurers are accepted, and self-paying patients are welcome. Please check your cover with your insurer before your appointment.

Frequently asked questions

I've been told I have a heart murmur — what now?
The NHS notes that valve disease is sometimes found when a doctor hears a heart murmur. Your GP may refer you to a cardiologist, and an echocardiogram can show how your valves are working.
Does valve disease always need treatment?
No. If it is mild and causes no symptoms, treatment is often not needed and you will usually have regular check-ups instead.
How often will I need check-ups?
It depends on the type and severity of valve disease. Dr Kunadian will recommend a monitoring plan for you.

Related: Chest Pain · Atrial Fibrillation · Second Opinion

Sources

Medical information on this page is based on:

Checked October 2026

Clear answers about your heart, from a consultant cardiologist.

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This page is general information and does not replace medical advice. If you are worried about your symptoms, speak to your GP. In an emergency, call 999.

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